diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.cpp b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.cpp
index 059751a9b5250da0c0079e4e231c1f7ca333be28..2add110c83e40c330c706c6403b121b9fe5822c0 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.cpp
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.cpp
@@ -632,7 +632,7 @@ void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased(const STensor3& A, cons
a3_align = eigenValReal1_permuted(2);
}
-void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate){
+void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate){
// Align A to B, where B is fixed
// Initialise 1
@@ -684,9 +684,9 @@ void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(const STensor
// Assign the aligned indices
normamised_norm = norm_min; // /pow(A.dotprod(),0.5);
- Msg::Info("normamised_norm of A = %f",normamised_norm);
+ // Msg::Info("normamised_norm of A = %f",normamised_norm);
if(normamised_norm > 1.e-5){
- rotate = true;
+ rotate = 1;
alignedIndex = eigenValReal1_permuted_Index;
}
}
@@ -765,7 +765,7 @@ void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_TangentBased_indexOnly(const STen
alignedIndex = eigenValReal1_permuted_Index;
}
-void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate){
+void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate){
// Align A to B, where B is fixed
// Initialise 1
@@ -825,24 +825,26 @@ void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(
// Generate permutated eigVal vector
static fullVector<double> eigenValReal1_permuted(3);
static fullVector<int> eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(3); eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(0) = 0; eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(1) = 1; eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(2) = 2;
- for (int p=0; p<3; p++)
- for (int q=0; q<3; q++){
- if(q!=p){
- for (int r=0; r<3; r++){
- if(r!=p && r!=q){
-
- STensorOperation::zero(A_reformed);
- for (int k=0; k<3; k++)
- for (int l=0; l<3; l++)
- A_reformed(k,l) += eigenValReal1(p)*B1(k,l) + eigenValReal1(q)*B2(k,l) + eigenValReal1(r)*B3(k,l);
- A_reformed -= A;
- STensorOperation::doubleContractionSTensor3(A_reformed,A_reformed,norm1);
- norm1 = pow(norm1,0.5);
-
- norm2 = theta(p,0) + theta(q,1) + theta(r,2);
-
- if(norm1 < norm_min1){ // if( ( - norm + norm_min)>1.e-6 )
- if(norm2 < norm_min2){
+ double tol(1.e-5);
+ if ( ( abs(eigenValReal1(0)-eigenValReal1(1)) > tol ) || ( abs(eigenValReal1(0)-eigenValReal1(2)) > tol ) || ( abs(eigenValReal1(1)-eigenValReal1(2)) > tol ) ){
+ for (int p=0; p<3; p++)
+ for (int q=0; q<3; q++){
+ if(q!=p){
+ for (int r=0; r<3; r++){
+ if(r!=p && r!=q){
+
+ STensorOperation::zero(A_reformed);
+ for (int k=0; k<3; k++)
+ for (int l=0; l<3; l++)
+ A_reformed(k,l) += eigenValReal1(p)*B1(k,l) + eigenValReal1(q)*B2(k,l) + eigenValReal1(r)*B3(k,l);
+ A_reformed -= A;
+ STensorOperation::doubleContractionSTensor3(A_reformed,A_reformed,norm1);
+ norm1 = pow(norm1,0.5);
+
+ norm2 = theta(p,0) + theta(q,1) + theta(r,2);
+
+ if(norm1 < norm_min1){ // if( ( - norm + norm_min)>1.e-6 )
+ // if(norm2 < norm_min2){
norm_min1 = norm1;
norm_min2 = norm2;
eigenValReal1_permuted(0) = eigenValReal1(p);
@@ -851,19 +853,69 @@ void STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(
eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(1) = q;
eigenValReal1_permuted(2) = eigenValReal1(r);
eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(2) = r;
+ // }
}
}
}
+
}
+ }
+ alignedIndex = eigenValReal1_permuted_Index;
+ }
+ else{
+ // Compare and pick the smallest theta1 for the 1st aligned Eigenvector wrt Eigenvectors2
+ double smol1 = theta(0,0);
+ double smol2 = theta(1,1);
+ double smol3 = theta(2,2);
+ int index1 = 0, index2 = 1, index3 = 2;
+
+ // pick 1
+ int temp1 = 0;
+ for (int l=0; l<3; l++){
+ if(temp1==0){
+ smol1 = theta(l,0);
+ index1 = l;
+ temp1 = 1;
+ }
+ else if(theta(l,0)<smol1 && temp1!=0){
+ smol1 = theta(l,0);
+ index1 = l;
+ temp1 = 1;
+ }
+ }
+ // pick 2
+ int temp2 = 0;
+ for (int l=0; l<3; l++){
+ if(l!=index1){
+ if(temp1==0){
+ smol2 = theta(l,1);
+ index2 = l;
+ temp2 = 1;
+ }
+ if(theta(l,1)<smol2 && temp2!=0){
+ smol2 = theta(l,1);
+ index2 = l;
+ temp2 = 1;
+ }
}
}
- // Assign the aligned indices
- if (eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(0) != 0 || eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(1) != 1 || eigenValReal1_permuted_Index(2) != 2){
- rotate = true;
- alignedIndex = eigenValReal1_permuted_Index;
+ // pick 3
+ for (int l=0; l<3; l++){
+ if(l!=index1 && l!=index2) index3 = l;
+ }
+
+ // Assign the aligned indices
+ alignedIndex(0) = index1;
+ alignedIndex(1) = index2;
+ alignedIndex(2) = index3;
}
+ /*
+ if (norm_min2 > pi/2){
+ rotate = 1;
+ alignedIndex = eigenValReal1_permuted_Index;
+ }*/
}
void STensorOperation::VRDecomposition(const STensor3& a, STensor3& V, STensor3&R)
diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.h b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.h
index a60a00393f0a49f5c8d3206c4a1a2102c3d64b60..744a5fa167a682dc9accb21112287d63d4ecb293 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.h
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/STensorOperations.h
@@ -1933,9 +1933,9 @@ namespace STensorOperation{
}
- void alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate = false);
+ void alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate);
- void alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate = false);
+ void alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate);
void alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased(const STensor3& A, const STensor3& B,
const double& b1, const double& b2, const double& b3, const STensor3& B1, const STensor3& B2, const STensor3& B3,
diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.cpp b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.cpp
index 6890f81418092db948ab297712f4ff8d19dfce2a..dc5e62105a8972667d213512ae72bd84fdda98b7 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.cpp
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.cpp
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::predictorCorrector_TVP_nonAssociatedFlow_non
// NEW EIGEN
static fullVector<int> alignedIndex(3); alignedIndex(0) = 0; alignedIndex(1) = 1; alignedIndex(2) = 2;
- bool rotate = false;
+ int rotate = 0;
STensor3& R = q1->_R;
STensor43& dRdEe = q1->_dRdEe;
STensor43& dRtdEe = q1->_dRtdEe;
@@ -502,10 +502,10 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::predictorCorrector_TVP_nonAssociatedFlow_non
}
else if(_rotationCorrectionScheme == 2){
Ee0_rot = q0->_Ee;
- // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_EigenVectorDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_TangentBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
- STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
}
// NEW EIGEN
@@ -515,7 +515,6 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::predictorCorrector_TVP_nonAssociatedFlow_non
mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor(Ee,q0->_Ee,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,Bd_stiffnessTerm,&Ge_TrEeTensor);
}
else{
- // mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor(Ee,q0->_Ee,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,Bd_stiffnessTerm,&Ge_TrEeTensor);
mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(Ce,Ee,Ee0_rot,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,alignedIndex,rotate,Bd_stiffnessTerm,&Ge_TrEeTensor,&rotationStiffness); // NEW EIGEN
}
Ge_TrEeTensor_pr = Ge_TrEeTensor;
@@ -526,8 +525,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::predictorCorrector_TVP_nonAssociatedFlow_non
mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor(Ee,q0->_Ee,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,Bd_stiffnessTerm);
}
else{
- // mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor(Ee,q0->_Ee,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,Bd_stiffnessTerm);
- mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(Ce,Ee,Ee0_rot,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,alignedIndex,rotate,Bd_stiffnessTerm,NULL,&rotationStiffness); // NEW EIGEN
+ mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(Ce,Ee,Ee0_rot,q0,q1,Ke,Ge,T0,T,stiff,alignedIndex,rotate,Bd_stiffnessTerm,NULL,&rotationStiffness); // NEW EIGEN
}
rotationStiffness_pr = rotationStiffness;
}
@@ -808,11 +806,11 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::predictorCorrector_TVP_nonAssociatedFlow_non
if (_extraBranchNLType == TensionCompressionRegularisedType || _extraBranchNLType == hyper_exp_TCasymm_Type || _ExtraBranch_TVE_option == 3 || _ExtraBranch_TVE_option == 4 || _ExtraBranch_TVE_option == 5){
// TC asymmetry -> for either case of TensionCompressionRegularisedType and _ExtraBranch_TVE_option == 3
getIterated_DPhi(T0,T,q0,q1,Gamma,Cxtr,Cxdev,Cepr,Eepr,trXn,devXn,Ke,Ge,Ge_Tensor,ptilde,devPhi,Phi,N,expGN,dexpAdA,
- Dho,Dho2inv,Dho2_u_inv,Dho2_v_inv,alignedIndex,&Ge_TrEeTensor,&rotationStiffness);
+ Dho,Dho2inv,Dho2_u_inv,Dho2_v_inv,alignedIndex,rotate,&Ge_TrEeTensor,&rotationStiffness);
}
else{
getIterated_DPhi(T0,T,q0,q1,Gamma,Cxtr,Cxdev,Cepr,Eepr,trXn,devXn,Ke,Ge,Ge_Tensor,ptilde,devPhi,Phi,N,expGN,dexpAdA,
- Dho,Dho2inv,Dho2_u_inv,Dho2_v_inv,alignedIndex,NULL,&rotationStiffness);
+ Dho,Dho2inv,Dho2_u_inv,Dho2_v_inv,alignedIndex,rotate,NULL,&rotationStiffness);
}
PhiEq = sqrt(1.5*devPhi.dotprod());
@@ -2197,7 +2195,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::getIterated_DPhi(const double& T0, const dou
double& Ke, double& Ge, STensor43& Ge_Tensor,
double& ptilde, STensor3& devPhi,
STensor3& Phi, STensor3& N, STensor3& expGN, STensor43& dexpAdA,
- STensor43& Dho, STensor43& Dho2inv, STensor43& Dho2_u_inv , double& Dho2_v_inv, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate,
+ STensor43& Dho, STensor43& Dho2inv, STensor43& Dho2_u_inv , double& Dho2_v_inv, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate,
STensor43* Ge_TrEeTensor, STensor43* rotationStiffness) const{
// This function calculates Phi iteratively.
@@ -2248,10 +2246,10 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::getIterated_DPhi(const double& T0, const dou
}
else if(_rotationCorrectionScheme == 2){
Ee0_rot = q0->_Ee;
- // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_EigenVectorDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_TangentBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
- STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
}
// NEW EIGEN
@@ -2494,10 +2492,10 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2::getIterated_DPhi(const double& T0, const dou
// EIGEN NEW
if(_rotationCorrectionScheme == 2){
Ee0_rot = q0->_Ee;
- // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_EigenVectorDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
// STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_TangentBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex);
- STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
+ // STensorOperation::alignEigenDecomposition_NormAndDotProductBased_indexOnly(q0->_Ee,Ee,alignedIndex,rotate);
}
// STensorOperation::getEigenDecomposition(Ee,e1,e2,e3,E1,E2,E3);
diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.h b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.h
index a7f40ccf6503aa404d6ec01a72510c29268c1ea6..4461d31a7757a7fa86bdc1e67520283039e8f252 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.h
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2.h
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class mlawNonLinearTVENonLinearTVP2 : public mlawNonLinearTVP{
double& Ke, double& Ge, STensor43& Ge_Tensor,
double& ptilde, STensor3& devPhi,
STensor3& Phi, STensor3& N, STensor3& expGN, STensor43& dexpAdA,
- STensor43& Dho, STensor43& Dho2inv, STensor43& Dho2_u_inv, double& Dho2_v_inv, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, bool rotate = false,
+ STensor43& Dho, STensor43& Dho2inv, STensor43& Dho2_u_inv, double& Dho2_v_inv, fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, int& rotate,
STensor43* Ge_TrEeTensor = NULL, STensor43* rotationStiffness = NULL) const;
virtual void getDho(const double& Gamma, const STensor3& Cepr, const STensor3& Ceinvpr, const STensor3& KS,
diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.cpp b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.cpp
index 049251b86d3dcf789f4bdb987748ee8870b85cb6..419f6158a2c2ed82782c099b45ddfc96ae904bf6 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.cpp
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.cpp
@@ -3112,7 +3112,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVM::get_Ee0s_Ai0s_ders(const STensor3& Ce, const STensor3& Ee
void mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(const STensor3& Ce, const STensor3& Ee, const STensor3& Ee0,
const IPNonLinearTVM *q0, IPNonLinearTVM *q1, double& Ke, double& Ge, const double T0, const double T1,
- const bool stiff, const fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, const bool rotate, STensor43& Bd_stiffnessTerm, STensor43* Bd_stiffnessTerm2, STensor43* rotationStiffness) const{
+ const bool stiff, const fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, const int& rotate, STensor43& Bd_stiffnessTerm, STensor43* Bd_stiffnessTerm2, STensor43* rotationStiffness) const{
// Caution!! -> For _rotationCorrectionScheme == 0 and 1, Ee0 is already rotated. _R and its derivatives are in the IP
@@ -3157,7 +3157,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(const STensor3& Ce, co
// mlawNonLinearTVM::getEe0s2(Ce,Ee,devEe0,devEe0s,dDevEe0sdEe);
q1->_A_rot = q0->_A;
// mlawNonLinearTVM::getAi0s2(Ce,Ee,q0->_A,q1->_A_rot,dAi0sdEe);
- if(rotate){mlawNonLinearTVM::get_Ee0s_Ai0s_ders(Ce,Ee,devEe0,q0->_A,alignedIndex,devEe0s,dDevEe0sdEe,q1->_A_rot,dAi0sdEe);}
+ mlawNonLinearTVM::get_Ee0s_Ai0s_ders(Ce,Ee,devEe0,q0->_A,alignedIndex,devEe0s,dDevEe0sdEe,q1->_A_rot,dAi0sdEe);
// devEe0s.print("after");
// Msg::Info("alignedIndex = %d, %d, %d",alignedIndex(0),alignedIndex(1),alignedIndex(2)); // FLE
}
@@ -3233,7 +3233,7 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(const STensor3& Ce, co
q1->_elasticShearPropertyScaleFactor = B;
q1->_dAv_dTrEe = dA_dTrEe;
q1->_dBd_dDevEe = dB_dDevEe;
-
+
// Add to stress
static STensor3 sigExtra;
@@ -3764,6 +3764,8 @@ void mlawNonLinearTVM::ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(const STensor3& Ce, co
q1->_kirchhoff(1,1) += p;
q1->_kirchhoff(2,2) += p;
q1->_trCorKirinf_TVE = p;
+
+ if(rotate == 0){STensorOperation::zero(*rotationStiffness);}
}
// ========================================================================================================================================
diff --git a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.h b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.h
index d32f1ffef97a3ffcfc676561e4a6c6e0a30ba301..62926d4eb1d478283e71d14d338fb2d60f6ef3ae 100644
--- a/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.h
+++ b/NonLinearSolver/materialLaw/mlawNonLinearTVM.h
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class mlawNonLinearTVM : public mlawPowerYieldHyper{
void ThermoViscoElasticPredictor_forTVP(const STensor3& Ce, const STensor3& Ee, const STensor3& Ee0,
const IPNonLinearTVM *q0, IPNonLinearTVM *q1, double& Ke, double& Ge, const double T0, const double T1,
- const bool stiff, const fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, const bool rotate, STensor43& Bd_stiffnessTerm, STensor43* Bd_stiffnessTerm2 = NULL, STensor43* rotationStiffness = NULL) const;
+ const bool stiff, const fullVector<int>& alignedIndex, const int& rotate, STensor43& Bd_stiffnessTerm, STensor43* Bd_stiffnessTerm2 = NULL, STensor43* rotationStiffness = NULL) const;
void isotropicHookTensor(const double K, const double G, STensor43& L) const;
diff --git a/dG3D/benchmarks/nonLinearTVP_cube_Rotation_biaxialShear/cubeTVP.py b/dG3D/benchmarks/nonLinearTVP_cube_Rotation_biaxialShear/cubeTVP.py
index efa138a92d38decba8e009ef9c8713a422052b0a..05bfd11d2c7567db8af36e8e47096948c364fddd 100644
--- a/dG3D/benchmarks/nonLinearTVP_cube_Rotation_biaxialShear/cubeTVP.py
+++ b/dG3D/benchmarks/nonLinearTVP_cube_Rotation_biaxialShear/cubeTVP.py
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
#coding-Utf-8-*-
from gmshpy import *
-# from dG3Dpy import*
-from dG3DpyDebug import*
+from dG3Dpy import*
+# from dG3DpyDebug import*
from math import*
import csv
import numpy as np
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ law1.setViscoelasticMethod(0)
law1.setShiftFactorConstantsWLF(C1,C2)
law1.setReferenceTemperature(Tref)
-law1.useRotationCorrectionBool(False,2) # bool, int_Scheme = 0 -> R0, 1 -> R1
+law1.useRotationCorrectionBool(True,2) # bool, int_Scheme = 0 -> R0, 1 -> R1
"""
law1.setExtraBranchNLType(5)